| Tokaj "The
crest of this Hegyalja is Tokaj" reads a chronicle from the 18th century. Tokaj
became the brand name of Hegyalja and it is renowned for its famous vineyards and
wineries. The area is called Tokaj-Hegyalja to distinguish it from other Hegyalja regions.
"On the vines of Tokaj you are dripping nectar", wrote Kölcsey Ferenc in the
national anthem.
Its history is one with that of the nation. The first written chronicle dates back to
1067. Anonymus mentions its defensive hill as Hímesudvar that translates to splendid
court.
Later its real fortress, that opened to the waterfront, safeguarded the whole of
Upper-Hungary and the single most important ferry in the region, the once-called Tisza
Bridge. It served as the lone eastern gateway of Hungary and Transylvania to Poland and
Russia. The Tisza Bridge was used for trading or to travel and attack in the 16th century
during the surrender to the Turks.
Szapolyai János was pronounced king in Tokaj in 1526. Tokaj also played a significant
role in the Rákóczi War of Independence but its fortress was destroyed during this
period. The ruins can only be accessed through the river where the Bodrog joins the Tisza.
The king seized the Rákóczi estate following the Kuruts freedom fight and Tokaj
became a Town of Chamber. During the, peaceful era it slowly became a market town and
received the "Privileged Tisza-Tokaj Township" title.
The 17-18th century is the wineries' golden era. Tokaj gained world fame mainly by
trading with the Polish and the Russians.
The decisive battle, that opened the glorious Spring Offensive in 1849, was fought in
the Tarcal-Tokaj-Bodrogkeresztúr region in January of that year.
Tokaj is one of the most well-known small towns in Hungary today. It attempts to
maintains its fame on the bases of culture and viticulture traditions.
Glimpse of the cityTokaj can rightly be proud of its scenery even among
the communities in Hegyalja. From one side it has a riverbank, from the other it leans
against the rocky slopes of the Great Hill. The land is splendid with its wide vine-yards
and shrub and tree covered peaks. Opposite the town the flood-lands of Bodrog and Tisza
are a nature preserve.
The Great Hill with its 516 metres peak is a landmark in the region. "...to the
east is the former flame thrower, the mountain of Tokaj, which stands alone like a warlord
before his army. He stands chin up in blue cape with dignity..." - Petofi wrote these
lines in his Letter From the Journey in the year 1847.
The four hiking trails in the hills provide unforgettable sights and an interesting
excursion. Those with a special interest in the local flora will find Woolly Michaelmas
Daisy, Footgrass, Fringe flower, Desert Bloodgrass, and Red Lednek.
Where the Bodrog joins the Tisza, under the huge poplars, a trail invites you for a
pleasant hike. It is called Széchenyi Trail. This is one of the most beautiful places in
Tokaj. Across from it the beach and camping awaits guests. Both the Tisza and the Bodrog
are suitable for canoeing and a ship will take those interested in a water journey between
Sárospatak and Tokaj from spring through autumn. It is about a 37 km trip.
The Town of "Grape and Wine" also has a profuse collection of artifacts. In
the museum, the former Greek markethouse, a display shows the history of religion in the
area, and also an abundance of religious icons. A history of the lives of market
townspeople, the progress of viticulture, grape growing, wine-making and the tools are
displayed in the exhibit.
The Rákóczi-Dessewffy Castle was built around 1700 in Baroque style. First it was
owned by the Rákóczi-family but later served as a Treasury building and storehouse for
salt. Its arched gateway is typical in Hegyalja. The neighbouring building, the Count
Széchenyi István High School Campus is in harmony with the castle with its intimate
atmosphere which represents the high standard of planning the layout of the town. The
Baroque Greek Catholic Church is a splendid structure and hosts displays of local
craftsmen. It is a great concert-hall as well. The synagogue is under reconstruction.
Among all the cellars, the Rákóczi-cellar is the most famous. Its unique design
resembles a church aisle and is curiously inviting to everyone. |